The percentage of people living in poverty is a measure of the overall economic health of a region. It also indicates the level of need for social and government supports within the community.

In 2020-24, 9% of people in Westchester County had incomes below the poverty line, a rate better than both the statewide rate of 14% and the national rate of 12%. The region's poverty rate has decreased one percentage point since 2010-14.

Westchester had the second-highest poverty rate among comparison counties, below Rockland at 16%, but higher than Putnam at 7% and Nassau at 5%. Some of the highest poverty rates within Westchester County were found in its larger population centers, including Mount Vernon (15%), Yonkers (14%) and Peekskill (12%).

The multiyear figures are from the Census Bureau's American Community Survey. The bureau combined five years of responses to the survey to provide estimates for smaller geographic areas and increase the precision of its estimates. However, because the information came from a survey, the samples responding to the survey were not always large enough to produce reliable results, especially in small geographic areas. CGR has noted on data tables the estimates with relatively large margins of error. Estimates with three asterisks have the largest margins, plus or minus 50% or more of the estimate. Two asterisks mean plus or minus 35%-50%, and one asterisk means plus or minus 20%-35%. For all estimates, the confidence level is 90%, meaning there is 90% probability the true value (if the whole population were surveyed) would be within the margin of error (or confidence interval).

The survey provides data on characteristics of the population that used to be collected only during the decennial census. Poverty status is not reported for people in institutions, including college dormitories and military barracks, and people in living situations without conventional housing.